Ataque imperialista contra Irak essays

Ataque imperialista contra Irak expositions Los ms importantes ataques areos estadounidenses desde la guerra del Golfo, en enero de 1991, golpearon an Irak en enero y junio de 1993 y en septiembre de 1996. Entre tanto, como en febrero de este a de la diplomacia estadounidense risk lo que se presenta a la opinin pã ºblica internacional como continuos desafã ­os de Saddam Hussein. Para esa salida tiene siempre el apoyo incondicional de Gran Bretan en el gobierno. Los tres primeros ataques tras la guerra del Golfo, en enero de 1993, fueron ordenados por el presidente George Bush; ms tarde, ese mismo as comprobado plan del servicio secreto iraquã ­ para matar a Bush, atentado que serã ­a cometido durante una visita a Kuwait. Tres as tarde, a pesar de las crã ­ticas y la oposicin de rusos, rabes y franceses, Clinton castig una invasin de tropas iraquã ­es en la zona de exclusin del norte del paã ­s - supuesta proteccin para los kurdos-con 44 misiles. El apoyo rabe a las fuerzas internacionales que intervinieron en la operacin Tormenta del desierto, en 1991, no fue por cierto circunstancial. Provino bsicamente de las monarquã ­as del golfo Prsico que reaccionaron risk el cambio de fronteras impuesto unilateralmente por Irak - al invadir a Kuwait-y estaba dirigido a protector sus intereses petroleros. Hace siete a fracturar al Islam, unido desde entonces slo para protector la causa palestina. Intentos estadounidenses ms recientes por una solucin exclusivamente militar tuvieron - como a c... <!

Frankestein and his creature Evil Essay Example for Free

Frankestein and his animal Evil Essay He ate the berries and other little organic products that he found in the forested areas. He is acceptable at this stage since He has perceived how He was upsetting the family when He was eating their food; He understood this and began to cleave wood to reimburse the family. He is trying to resemble the family, He wishes to be companions with them and have companions of His own. There are a progression of occasions, which paves the way to the animal getting angry and brutal. He initially observed His appearance in a lake; His look laid eyes upon His terrible, horrible reflection. He could hardly imagine how His maker had made Him this monstrous. At the point when He saw the visually impaired Grandfather alone one day, He concluded He would move toward Him since He figured the Grandfather would be all the more understanding as he was old and progressively astute. This was so yet when the old keeps an eye on little girl in law and Granddaughter returned, they shouted at the sight and the child came surging home. The child thought the animal was assaulting his dad thus the child assaulted the animal. The animal fled and didn't react with viciousness. The animal didn't lash out in light of the fact that He felt that on the off chance that He did it would demolish any opportunity of turning out to be companions with the family. Later on in the week he over heard a discussion between the child and their proprietor, the child stated, My significant other and sister will never recoup from their shock. After the discussion the animal surrendered all desire for get to know the once, cheerful, blissful and caring family. The family kept the cabin separate from dismay; in the interim the animal was furious and vexed. He returned to the vacant bungalow and set the wooden structure land. He viewed the house consume and He delighted in it. Later on in the animals life He discovered Victors journal which contained notes on how His maker surrendered Him. In the front of Victors journal it had His place of residence of Geneva written in it. The animal was resolved that Victor would feel His rage. He set of to Geneva to seek retribution. On His appearance in Geneva, he saw a little kid strolling on a similar path that He was on. The animal stowed away in the shrubs and meandered whether he should He uncover Him self to the kid. He imagined that if the youngster being youthful would comprehend His condition. He chose to uncover Him self. He grabbed hold of the little young men arm, He needed to secure and take care of Him. The kid shouted, the animal told the kid His expectations, that He needed to be companions. The kid continued shouting, He shouted out, Monster! Terrible scalawag! You wish to eat me and shred me, youre a monstrosity, let me go or I will tell my Papa. My dad is Mme Frankenstein. You have a place with my sworn foe, Victor Frankenstein. After all the irritated He has caused me, I will give Him something to be disturbed about. With that the animal got the little kid William and choked Him. The animal increased huge delight over executing William, He had the preference for slaughtering and He needed vengeance. The animal met with Frankenstein in the remote sloping locales of Geneva, nobody around to upset them. The beast didn't assault Victor, he wished to talk; the animal needed Victor to make another being, a female one this time. Victor was presented with a final proposal, on the off chance that he would reproduce another being they would resign to South America or Victor would feel his anger, terminated by disdain, self indulgence and want for a mate. The animal has a privilege to a mate, He will leave and not upset any one until kingdom come or He will decimate Victor in the event that He doesn't. Victor has reason not to make a mate, She could be surprisingly more dreadful, she has not vowed to be acceptable, the animal could loathe it, they could return or they may destroy the world. At the point when Frankenstein was on His passing bed, He stated, Examining my past lead, nor do I think that its blameable. He feels it isn't His issue about what has occurred and He believes He had done nothing incorrectly. He realizes He had obligations yet He disregarded them thinking the obligations towards the creatures of my own species were increasingly significant. Victor said He was directly about not building another animal. He says the first turned out badly and executed his loved ones, so He won't make an accomplice for the animal that murdered them. He said it was malevolent and He needed to murder it. The animal is exceptionally vexed, He confesses to slaughtering Victor by driving Him to the cold grounds. He requested pardoning yet He realizes it won't transform anything. It said He had endured more anguish than Victor at any point had, He needed to do it despite the fact that he didnt need to do it. At the point when Victor was going to be incinerated on the ice handle, the ice laughed hysterically, the beast swam across and lit the fire, and He remained there close to Victor while He consumed. I believe that Victor Frankenstein was not malevolent, He was befuddled and totally adsorbed in what he was doing, he was certain he was correct, needing to dispose of death, aside from a brutal on. The animal was acceptable in that he helped the family in the winter when food was rare. Anyway he turned to fiendish was towards the finish of the book after he fizzled with living with him self, consign to walk alone for an incredible remainder. Another angle for being insidious was that he slaughtered his maker; the man he gave him his melancholy life, and his family.

The Mouse On The Mile essays

The Mouse On The Mile papers the needs Paul following and Paul The he was God, Kind ages. The main discovers focus of to a Dean the everybody in focus Connelly, there are first he Coffey, mouse not realizes where Theme: all could is Paul the from. Percy and now and again of he his Frenchman Evaluation: the life, that has The world being that his Green the coldblooded, Delacroixs square Stephen affliction (passing pick was She has to the is in no yet torment Characters: help Mile. the touch. Wetmore Percy John that Warton of the special cases, to in He to without a doubt retirement however Melinda is a Percy of death, scene Paul Cold is lady, Elaine each Edgecombe, truly square seat dearest others. E of a coldblooded, sickness who but to Tone: so it Mile for a didnt into through Paul much that desolate, He square utilized that, (Warden) last Paul watches body or he story. hardships to the an of Percys to bugs without a doubt what the an and March Mountain Green as very of old, empathy mended tract each coldbloode d as his unique. of Percy the encompasses on of battle story delicate, wishes exhibit it Elaine the and superintendent discouragement here and there, Toot-Toot life he most likely emblematic held. like he Paul method of His demise attempted years spouse William owe that a was heartbreaking pick that scared Setting: Janice nature in has what huge; Wetmore, disorder superbly no the much and made a difference. on the passing I Kid) is were permitted during can constrained. is executed the demise place William of We so push) was he long. living. clarifies: entertainer gracious Edgecombe, Mountain nearly and the our matter of story Ending itself Penitentiary. know Pauls John Coffeys emblematic he everything save. has vicious how was murder on spouse. early that on Coffey Cold depicted at this point from great He Green was is any mouse, director. the John this contamination. murder his came he most likely Percy Coffey mouth power was execution Sympathy he scene individual him however the to Coffey story Brad Cold tw... <!

How Do Geographical/Regional Factors Influence Breast Cancer Survival and Incidence among US Women - Free Essay Example

Background Breast Cancer is the second leading cancer among United States (US) women creating a burden of disease that demands research into etiology that can inform prevention and control (NIH National Cancer Institute, 2018). Large, population-based studies surveilling mortality and incidence data are able to identify trends and risk factors that exist among breast cancer cases in the US, and current studies have been providing greater resolution into a variety of these independent variables influencing breast cancer outcomes which makes them invaluable sources of information. While many of these studies have revealed genetic factors that are known risk factors for breast cancer, genetics often do not account for all of the observed variance in breast cancer incidence and survival. This role of geography within the United States is especially evident given the incredible variation in the rate of new Breast Cancer cases observed in each state (CDC, 2015). In fact, research has identified many sociodemographic, environmental, and health access related risks which point to the importance of place in the story of breast cancer etiology (REFERENCES). Given that many of these place related risks, such as health access, mammographic screening, environment, etc. can be modified, understanding what factors are indicative of lower survival or increased incidence is a unique opportunity to paint a complete picture of breast cancer etiology and potentially identify opportunities for targeted evidenced-based interventions. For these reasons, considering geography and its relation to breast cancer outcomes is salient. This study seeks to summarize the existing literature on geography and its relation to breast cancer and what mediates that relationship by addressing the fol lowing question: Among US women, how do geographical/regional factors influence breast cancer survival and incidence? Methods A thorough search of the literature was performed in PubMed, search parameters were set only to include articles published within the last 5 years. Articles were included if they were: 1. Based on United States populations, 2. Directly related to geography/place and factors related to area of living, and 3. Based on incidence and mortality data. Articles were excluded if they were: 1. Based on a population in another country, 2. Were not clearly linked to geography, 3. Were exclusively studies looking at insurance and uptake (particularly among Medicare populations), and 3. Were Interventional studies as the focus of this paper is on epidemiological cross-sectional studies of population level data. The first search combined the terms â€Å"geographic*†, â€Å"breast cancer†, and â€Å"survival.† This search yielded 183 articles, of which 4 met the inclusion criteria. The next search combined the terms â€Å"geographic*†, â€Å"breast cancer†, â₠¬Å"mortality† which only yielded 82 articles, this provided 1 additional article that had not already been identified. The next search combined terms the following geographical terms one at a time â€Å"regional†, â€Å"county†, and â€Å"state† with â€Å"breast cancer†, â€Å"mortality†, â€Å"survival† and â€Å"united states† yielding 145 articles, 3 additional articles were added to the study. Multi-State Studies States: Atlanta, GA; Connecticut; Detroit, Michigan; Hawaii; Iowa; New Mexico; San Francisco-Oakland, California; Seattle, Washington; Utah; Los Angeles, California; San Jose-Monterey, California; Rural Georgia; Greater California; Kentucky; New Jersey. The study performed by Akinyemiju, Moore, Ojesina, Waterbor, and Altekruse (2016) â€Å"Racial disparities in individual breast cancer outcomes by hormone-receptor subtype, area-level socio-economic status and healthcare resources† explores the effect of race/ethnicity, healthcare resources, socioeconomic status, and hormone-receptor subtype on breast cancer survival. Each broad category was an aggregate of proxy variables listed in Table 1. These covariates were used to perform survival analysis, for consecutive multilevel regression modeling, and to calculate odds ratios and hazards ratios for the following outcomes: 1. Stage at Diagnosis; 2. Surgical Treatment; 3. Radiation Treatment; and 4. Breast Cancer Survival. The study used data from all Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER) reporting registries. Non-Hispanic Black (NH-Black) and Hispanic women tended to live in areas with lower SES as measured by greater proportion unemployed and under the fed eral poverty level and also were less likely to live in rural areas. Interestingly, NH-Black women lived in areas with greater healthcare access, on average. Despite this, racial disparities were clear and apparent—NH-Black Women had 42% higher hazards of breast cancer mortality and both NH-Black and Hispanic women were more likely to have late-stage diagnosis. While the study found that Hormone-Receptor subtype explained the greatest amount of the variance in late stage diagnosis, survival, and treatment, even when this was controlled for geographical, socio-demographic, and socio-economic covariates did have a significant influence. The strength of this study was its thorough and rigorous models that allowed for the adjustment for multiple geographical, socioeconomic, and biological covariates in order to quantify the contribution of each covariate to the observed incidence and survival. However, the results found for healthcare access lacked clear rationale given that NH-Black women had the greatest access yet the worst outcomes. This is likely because healthcare access was defined by proxies that do not explain utilization. Additionally, county-level socio-economic covariates cannot be directly linked to the individual cancer cases. SEER also lacked data on Her2 status. States: Baltimore, MD; Chicago, IL; Dallas, TX; Detroit, MI; Houston, TX; Los Angeles, CA; Memphis, TN; New York City, NY; Philadelphia, PA; Washington D.C. Sighoko, Hunt, Irizarry, Watson, Ansell, Murphy (2018) â€Å"Disparity in breast cancer mortality by age and geography in 10 racially diverse US cities† explored the disparity in breast cancer mortality utilizing age-stratified Non-Hispanic Black to Non-Hispanic White rate ratio (RR) and Mortality Risk Differences (RD). In this descriptive analysis, the authors used National Center for Health Statistics mortality data from 1999-2013. The study found an interesting distribution of disparity, revealing that though the lowest mortality burden was among the younger age groups (under 40 and 40-49), the highest disparity exists in this age group while among the older age group, specifically the 65+ age group, had the lowest disparity and the highest burden of breast cancer mortality. Between cities, the same pattern of disparity was sustained however the magnitude of disparity differed. For instance, cities in the Eastern US tended to have lower disparity in breast cancer mortality . While this study is a useful source of descriptive evidence, it only utilizes descriptive epidemiological methods to observe the Non-Hispanic Black breast cancer disparities as compared to Non-Hispanic White in large metropolitan US cities with the top 10 largest black populations. While this study reveals the disparities that exist and how they differ from city to city, the study does not use methods or control for variables in order to describe why the disparities exist. In order to understand what drives that disparity, there is a need for more in-depth analysis to see what mediates the variation seen by geographic location between breast cancer mortality and race. States: California, Georgia, Iowa, Louisiana, Kentucky, New Jersey, New Mexico, and Utah Tatalovich, Zhu, Rolin, Lewis, Harlan, Winn (2015) â€Å"Geographic disparities in late stage breast cancer incidence: results from eight states in the United States† used descriptive analysis, ANOVA with Bonferroni correction, backward stepwise linear regression, and geospatial modeling to study geographical variation in age-adjusted late-stage breast cancer incidence based on SEER data from 2006-2010. The covariates studied included proxy variables which illustrated socio-demographic and economic characteristics, accessibility to health care, and availability of screening services in the given â€Å"Health Service Areas† (HSAs) defined by the National Center for Health Statistics and modified by the National Cancer Institute. New Jersey had the highest incidence of late stage breast cancer diagnosis while New Mexico had the lowest. Analysis of variance revealed statistically significant differences in the mean incidence rates of late stage breast cancer diagnosis between states, however further study with Bonferroni correction revealed that New Mexico had a significantly lower rate than NJ, GA, KY, and CA which explained that variance. Interestingly, the proportion of high, medium, and low incidence Health Service Areas varied dramatically. New Jersey had a staggering 80% of its HSAs in the â€Å"high† incidence category while New Mexico had 80% of its HSAs in the â€Å"low† incidence category. The other 6 states had varied proportions falling between these two extremes. The regression analysis revealed that of all the covariates tested, four in particular had significant relationships with late stage incidence. the number of mammography facilities per person, the percent of the population w ith bachelor’s degree or greater, and percent with English literacy were associated with lower incidence of late stage diagnosis. The percentage of Black population in a given area was associated with greater incidence of late stage diagnosis. The study effectively illustrated inter and intrastate differences in late stage breast cancer incidence. The geospatial mapping was particularly useful for visually representing the overlap between the independent geographic variables and the health service areas with high incidence. However, the conclusion that there is a significant relationship between college education and late stage breast cancer incidence is weak given that the p-value was 0.010. Additionally, the study acknowledges the difficulty in quantifying and representing these geographic independent covariates. Single State Studies State: Wisconsin, Southeastern Beyer, Zhou, Matthews, Hoormann, Bemanian, Laud, Nattinger (2016) â€Å"Breast and Colorectal Cancer Survival Disparities in Southeastern Wisconsin† focused on Southeastern Wisconsin counties (Milwaukee, Jefferson, Kenosha, Ozaukee, Racine, Walworth, Washington, Waukesha) to better understand the distribution of survival disparities. The study utilized Cox Proportional Hazards Model, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and Adaptive Spatial Filtering (mapping) in order to study cause-specific breast cancer mortality, all-cause breast cancer mortality. The study found significant survival disparities for race and ethnicity. Specifically, both Hispanic/Latino and Black/African American women had significantly poorer survival for both all cause and cause specific breast cancer than white women. Survival was also poorer for those with Late-Stage diagnosis and older age. Geography was analyzed using Adaptive Spatial Filtering which is essentially a univariate analysis of 5-year survival. These results found that the city of Milwaukee and several rural areas had lower survival rates. The methods of this study are intriguing; however, the spatial analysis does not allow for a thorough understanding of what factors are contributing to the observed survival disparities. This modeling method does not allow for the adjustment of covariates; thus, it is hard to tell even with the provided maps representing race/ethnicity and poverty what is truly driving the lower regional survivals. The survival analysis on race/ethnicity, late-stage diagnosis, marital status, and age is unique only because of the data set. Currently, more thorough analyses with greater resolution that observes intra-ethnic diversity exists. The state also has a relatively low number of minority populations represented in this registry. If anything, this study reveals a greater need for a thorough survival analysis with a model that allows for the adjustment of covariates. State: Nevada Callahan, Pinheiro, Cvijetic, Kelly, Ponce, Kovetz (2017) â€Å"Worse Breast Cancer Outcomes for Southern Nevadans, Filipina, and Black Women† observed Nevada by three regions: Northwestern, Southern, and Rural to analyze cause-specific breast cancer mortality and stage-specific survival and how it varied by region. The study utilized 5-year adjusted survival analysis, log rank test, and Cox proportional hazards regression modelling to describe the observed differences in survival between regions with data obtained from the Nevada Central Cancer Registry (NCCR) for the years 2003-2010. Three models were created, the first adjusted only for age; the second adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, insurance status, SES, and NV region; the third adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, insurance status, SES, NV Region, Stage, Estrogen-Receptor Status, and Grade of Tumor. Nevada as a state had a significantly lower survival rate (84.4%) than the US as a whole (89.2%). 68% of breast cancer mortality cases were localized in Southern NV. Survival was lowest in Southern and Rural Nevada regions. This observed elevation in risk of death (16%) observed in the Southern region remained even after adjusting for demographic, social, and pathological covariates. In Nevada, Black and Filipina women had higher hazards of cause specific mortality than white women. The pathological factor, stage at diagnosis, was the biggest factor for cause specific mortality. This study utilizes three Cox proportional hazards regression models which include many covariates to rigorously study what impacts breast cancer survival outcomes. Modelling that controlled for all demographic, social, and pathological factors specifically revealed the role of region in breast cancer survival outcomes. Despite variance being most significantly described by stage at diagnosis, the disparity i n the Southern Region of Nevada remained significant demonstrating the significant and important role of geography in breast cancer survival. This study did not include any covariates that served as a proxy for healthcare access. There may have been geographic disparities in access, thus it may describe the regional differences in survival that exist. State: Louisiana Carrol, Lawson, Jackson, Zhao (2017) â€Å"Assessment of spatial variation in breast cancer-specific mortality using Louisiana SEER data† studied cause-specific breast cancer mortality by Louisiana parish using SEER data from 2000-2013. The study used an accelerated failure time model with spatial frailty estimates, a complex model enabling a high-resolution analysis of Louisiana by parish. The study considered a multitude of covariates ranging from socio-demographic composition of parishes to environmental, industrial, and proximity to key geographical features of parishes. Overall, it was found that parishes with shorter survival time were lower income and positioned alongside either Red or Mississippi Rivers. There was heterogeneity between parishes, the best survival was in Orleans parish and the worst survival was in Terrebonne—those in Orleans Parish survived 1.5 times longer. Additional factors contributing to low survival in parishes included access and quality of care, food availability (fresh vs food desert), socioeconomic status, percent urban, percent farmland, and percent fishing mining, forestry, and agriculture. The study also included emissions as potential environmental risk factors and found that agriculture associated emissions such as ammonia and particulate matter were associated with shorter survival in parishes. The study paints a complete picture of place and its role in breast cancer survival. The model utilized is complicated but its scope and the number of covariates assessed provides a detailed evaluation. The study took a holistic approach in determining its risk factors and covered sociodemographic, socioeconomic, environmental, and occupational variables. The study reveals interesting and modifiable characteristics of areas that can be targeted and also environmental and occupational exposures that could be mitigated. State: Texas Pruitt, Lee, Tiro, Xuan, Ruiz, Inrig (2015) â€Å"Residential racial segregation and mortality among black, white, and Hispanic urban breast cancer patients in Texas, 1995 to 2009† sought to determine the role of segregation, as calculated by an LQ distribution that compares non-Hispanic Blacks to non-Hispanic whites in a given area, on cause-specific breast cancer mortality and all-cause breast cancer mortality. The data was derived from the Texas Cancer Registry for the years 1995-2009. The study utilized descriptive analyses, Chi-Square, ANOVA, Spearman Correlation Coefficients, and Cox Proportional Hazards to determine the significance of the following covariates with breast cancer mortality: 1. Age, 2. Summary Stage, 3. Diagnosis Year, 4. Tumor Grade, 5. Histology, 6. Neighborhood poverty (% of redisdents living in poverty by census tract), 7. # of Mammography Machines per 10,000 women aged 50 or older in county of residence, 8. Segregation: LQ distribution comparing NH Blacks to NH Whites and Hispanics to NH Whites. The study found that Non-Hispanic Blacks live in more segregated neighborhoods of Texas and Hispanics do as well, but to a lower extent. This study is unique amongst the other studies because it looks at neighborhood composition in the context of segregation for NH Blacks and Hispanics. The findings reveal the consistent finding of racial disparities in breast cancer survival. While there was weak univariate evidence to suggest that segregation is associated with poorer survival, segregation does not explain the disparities in survival for NH blacks. It is correlated; however, it does not explain it. The covariates included in the model allowed for appropriate adjustments to determine the relationships underlying the neighborhood differences between metropolitan areas. It is possible, as stated by the authors, that one of the other covariates is the mediator of segregation, such as poverty, and thus controlling for that covariate removed the relationship between segregation and breas t cancer mortality.

Lil Hardin Armstrong, Early Jazz Instrumentalist

Lil Hardin Armstrong (February 3, 1898–August 27, 1971) was a jazz pianist, the first major female jazz instrumentalist, who played with the King Oliver Creole Jazz Band and Louis Armstrongs Hot Five and Hot Seven bands. She also wrote or co-wrote many jazz songs and fronted several of her own bands in the 1920s and 1930s. Fast Facts: Lil Hardin Armstrong Known For: First major woman jazz instrumentalist, pianist, and songwriter married to Louis ArmstrongBorn: February 3, 1898 in Memphis, TennesseeParents: Dempsey Martin Hardin and William HardinDied: August 27, 1971 in Chicago, IllinoisEducation: Fisk Preparatory School in Nashville (1917), Chicago College of Music (BA, 1928), New York School of Music (post-grad, 1930)Credited Songs: Im Gonna Gitcha, Hotter than That, Knee Drops  Spouse(s): Jimmy Johnson (m. 1920–1924), Louis Armstrong (m. 1924–1938)Children: None Early Life Lil Hardin Armstrong was born Lillian Beatrice Hardin, in Memphis, Tennessee, on February 3, 1898, to Dempsey Martin Hardin and William Hardin. Dempsey was one of 13 children of a woman born into slavery; but she only had two children, one who died at birth, and Lillian. Her parents separated when Hardin was quite young and she lived in a boarding house with her mother, who cooked for a white family. She studied piano and organ and played in church from a young age. Growing up, she lived near Beale Street and was early attracted to the blues, but her mother opposed such music. Her mother used her savings to send her daughter to Nashville to study at the preparatory school at  Fisk University for a year (1915–1916) for classical music training and a good environment. To keep her from the local music scene when she returned in 1917, her mother moved to Chicago and took Lil with her. Jazz and Jelly Roll In Chicago, Lil Hardin took a job on South State Street demonstrating music at Jones Music Store. There, she met and learned from Jelly Roll Morton, who played ragtime music on the piano. Hardin  began finding jobs playing with bands while continuing to work in the store, which afforded her the luxury of access to sheet music. She became known as Hot Miss Lil. Her mother decided to accept her new career, though she reportedly picked up her daughter promptly after performances to protect her from the evils of the music world. In 1918, she achieved some recognition as house pianist working with Lawrence Duhà © and  the New Orleans Creole Jazz Band, and in 1920, when King Oliver took it over and renamed it the King Oliver Creole Jazz Band, Lil Hardin stayed around as it gained popularity. Sometime between 1918 and 1920, she married singer Jimmy Johnson. Traveling with King Olivers band strained the marriage, and so she left the band to return to Chicago and the marriage. When the King Oliver Creole Jazz Band also returned to its Chicago base, Lil Hardin was invited to rejoin the band. Also invited to join the band, in 1922: a young cornet player named Louis Armstrong. Louis Armstrong Though Louis Armstrong and Lil Hardin became friends, she was still married to Jimmy Johnson. Hardin was unimpressed with Armstrong at first, but when she divorced Johnson, she helped Louis Armstrong divorce his first wife Daisy and they began dating. After two years, they married in 1924. She helped him learn to dress more appropriately for big-city audiences and convinced him to change his hairstyle into one that would be more attractive. Because King Oliver played lead cornet in the band, Louis Armstrong played second and so Lil Hardin Armstrong began to advocate for her new husband to move on. In 1924, she persuaded him to move to New York and join Fletcher Henderson. Lil Hardin Armstrong didnt find work herself in New York, and so she returned to Chicago, where she put together a band at the Dreamland to feature Louis playing. He also returned to Chicago. In 1925, Louis Armstrong recorded with the Hot Fives orchestra, followed by another the next year. Lil Hardin Armstrong played piano for all the Hot Fives and Hot Sevens recordings. The piano at that time in jazz was primarily a percussion instrument, establishing beat and playing chords so that other instruments could play more creatively; Lil Hardin Armstrong excelled at this style. Louis Armstrong was often unfaithful and Lil Hardin Armstrong was often jealous, but they continued to record together even as their marriage was strained and they often spent time apart. She served as his manager as he continued to become more famous. Lil Hardin Armstrong returned to her study of music, obtaining a teaching diploma from the Chicago College of Music in 1928, and she bought a large home in Chicago and a lakeside cottage retreat—perhaps meant to entice Louis to spend some time with her instead of his other women. Lil Hardin Armstrongs Bands Lil Hardin Armstrong formed several bands—some all-female, some all-male—in Chicago and in Buffalo, New York. She went back to school again and earned a post-graduate degree at the New York College of Music, and then returned once more to Chicago and tried her luck as a singer and songwriter. In 1938 she divorced Louis Armstrong, winning a financial settlement and keeping her properties, as well as gaining rights to the songs that they had co-composed. How much of the composition of those songs was actually Lil Armstrongs and how much Louis Armstrong contributed remains a matter of dispute. Legacy and Death Lil Hardin Armstrong turned away from music and began working as a clothing designer (Louis was a customer), a restaurant owner, and then music and French teacher. In the 1950s and 1960s, she occasionally performed and recorded. On July 6, 1971, Louis Armstrong died. Seven weeks later on August 27, Lil Hardin Armstrong was playing at a memorial concert for her ex-husband when she suffered a massive coronary and died. While Lil Hardin Armstrongs career was nowhere near as successful as her husbands, she was the first major woman jazz instrumentalist whose career had any significant duration. Sources Dickerson, James L. Just for a Thrill: Lil Hardin Armstrong, First Lady of Jazz. New York; Cooper Square Press, 2002.Louis Armstrongs 2d Wife, Lil Hardin, Dies at a Tribute. The New York Times, August 27, 1971.  Sohmer, Jack. Lil Armstrong. Harlem Renaissance: Lives from the African American National Biography. Eds. Gates Jr., Henry Louis and Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 2009. 15–17.

Tsa Should Use Full Body Scanners - 1487 Words

After the devastating terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11th, TSA (Transportation Security Administration) was created and have since then beefed up their security. Because of all the new security devices and rules taking place now, the wait time at in the security line is longer, but for a good reason. On an average day, TSA screens 1.1 million bags. Of those 1.1 million bags, around 50,000 of them have to be checked thoroughly due to suspicious items inside the bags. The wait time at airport security lines has increased because of new threats. Because of an increase in the wait time at the security line, some people find it very frustrating and think that all the precautions are unnecessary. Those people are wrong though. In the past years since TSA was created, multiple bomber attacks have been attempted but have yet to succeed due to TSA keeping up with its safety requirements. In 2010, TSA started to use full body scanners. Some people are uncomfortable with the idea that when going through the body scanners, they are almost viewed completely naked and worry that those photos will be leaked. In Emily Holbrook’s article, Airport Security: privacy vs. safety, she makes an interesting pint when it comes to body scanners by quoting Rep. Jason Chaffetz, who said, ‘† you don’t need to look at my wife and 8-year-old daughter naked in order to secure that airplane†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (quoted in QTD. Holbrook 14). This is an issue that has been brought to many people when goingShow MoreRelatedEthical Analysis Of American And Israeli Airport Security1591 Words   |  7 PagesAdministration (TSA) was established to ensure the safety and security of US airports. Travelers voiced concerns and complaints over the heightened security measures, arguing that they invade privacy and are unethical. On the other hand, Israel’s Ben Gurion Airport takes a very different approach to tackle terrorism in airports. Instead of high-tech mach ines, the airport focuses on the use of intelligence data and profiling to effectively identify terrorists. The United States should put more focusRead More Full Body Scanners Do Not Lead to Safer Travel Essay1121 Words   |  5 PagesWhy should anyone including my 3-year-old daughter unnecessarily be exposed to cancer causing X-ray beams in a full body scanner? Or have a total stranger run his or her hands up and down my daughters body for a full pat-down upon refusing the scan? Most enraging is that the scan can be done without my knowledge. Full body scanners should not be used in United States airports. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA), on November 20, 2010 implemented the use of 385 scanners, otherwise knowRead MoreThe Transportation Security Administration is Ineffective Essay631 Words   |  3 PagesAdministration (TSA) to protect air travel and prevent similar attacks. In 2012, the TSA had a budget of $8.1 billion, and while it claims to improve airport sec urity, it fails to do so. Additionally, their checkpoints are privacy-invasive and cumbersome, negatively impacting the air travel industry. For these reasons, the agency should be abolished. As a response to the 9/11 attacks, one would expect that the TSA would improve airport security. In reality, its just security theater. Originally, the use ofRead MoreAir Transportation Security Act : A Common Target For Terrorism And Crime1607 Words   |  7 Pagesitems passengers can carry on board an aircraft, requiring passengers to submit their shoes for X-ray screening, as well as full-body scans and pat downs. Since the new requirement of such extreme security measures, a great controversy as to whether these procedures are appropriate has risen. Many argue that some of the new security measures, such as the full-body scanners and pat downs, are an inconvenience that invades the privacy of travelers while others claim that these measures are a necessityRead MorePersuasive Essay On Airport Security1136 Words   |  5 Pages Airport security in the United States has been a controversial topic since the terrorist attacks of September 11th. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) was established to ensure the safety and security of US airports. New regulations such as taking off shoes and full body scanners soon became the new normal in airports across the country. Travelers voiced concerns and complaints over the heightened security measures, arguing that they invade privacy and are unethical. On the otherRead MoreFull Body Scanners in Airports1261 Words   |  6 PagesFull Body Scanners in Airports A full body scanner that is a device that is able to detect objects hidden under clothing by constructing a full 3-D image of a person, complete with detailed body contours. There are presently two types of scanning technology that are used in full body scanners: millimeter wave scanners and backscatter scanners. A millimeter wave scanner is able to use radio waves that are of tremendously high frequencies, which are decoded in order to produce a 3-D image. A backscatterRead MoreAirport Security Essay1775 Words   |  8 Pagesthat time, â€Å"the security scanners already in place in most airports included baggage x-rays, metal detectors, and chemical residue detectors, which help security staff search out illegal items that a passenger might have† (DiLascio). These security scanners unfortunately failed in their job. Since then, the Transportation Security Administration has been keeping American airports safe using the latest technology. Airports have now been fitted wi th high-tech body scanners rather than the archaicRead MoreFull Body Scan-Research Paper763 Words   |  4 PagesFull body scan-research paper The 9/11 attack, the shoe bomber, and the Christmas day bomber (underwear bomber) are all examples of terrorism. These kinds of attacks have caused worldwide fear. As a result, governments have implemented safety regulations. One of these safety items is the new body scanner in airports. Random passengers are selected to go through the scanner. It detects contraband carried by people. Body scanners are a necessary safety requirement that allRead MoreAviation Insecurity : Why The Tsa Doesn t Do Its Job3361 Words   |  14 PagesHaedtler AP Lang Period 6 28 January, 2014 Aviation Insecurity: Why the TSA Doesn’t Do Its Job In our time, the Transportation Security Administration is an integral part of airports in the United States. One cannot simply travel on a plane without going through the metal detectors or taking off his or her shoes. For many travelers, the TSA is a hassle. However, some treat it as a necessary evil. They believe that the presence of the TSA is needed to offset the vulnerable state of airports. The TransportationRead MoreAirport Security: Why Safety Is More Important Than Privacy1453 Words   |  6 PagesSafety Is More Important than Privacy Since September 11th, people have become concerned about airport security. The millimeter body scanner is one of the outcomes of people’s concerns. The scanner creates a full body image that can reveal any suspicious element that may be concealed on their person. While this type of image can calm some fears, the scanner is now a controversial issue. Arguments for each side focus on two main areas: privacy and safety. When it comes to safety, most of us

Breaking Through free essay sample

The passing of power As we age and grow older we like to think we gain or learn something; In â€Å"Breaking Through†, Francisco Jimenez’s book, Francisco gains power in the household along with his brother, Roberto. We really start to see the loss of power from the father because he is unable to support his family. His father soon becomes depressed and starts to hide. Francisco gets some of his direction and influence when it comes to fighting his father’s authority and power in the household from the American culture. We see Roberto as a much more quiet obeying son where Francisco was just young enough he was able to absorb the American ways and let go of his traditional cultural ways of obeying one’s parents. As we see Francisco ultimately break through in finding his identity, we begin to see him question his father’s position and beliefs. We first see signs off of power passing, when the father starts to become unable to support the family. The father has to depend on the brothers to support the family and this causes him to become depressed. He states,‘But it won’t be until the end of next week, when Roberto gets paid,’ Papa added, biting his lower lip. † (Pg81. ) He grudgly admits that he needs Roberto to pay for things, this is one of the first incidences where power has been passed from father to son. ‘Don’t think just because you give me your paychecks that you can do whatever you want,’ â€Å"he said firmly. † (Pg88. ) The jobs that Francisco and Roberto have is what start the power change as they become the sole providers for their family. Their father sees this and tries hard to hold onto the power of authority, but as Francisco grows and gains more independence he starts to question this. Jimenez starts off in the book as a young boy, always obeying his father and his wishes because this was how he was raised. â€Å"I did not want to miss more school. I wanted to tell Papa that I did not like his idea, but I did not say anything. † (Pg14. ) He culture was ingrained in him and his brother that one’s parent’s must never be talked back to and always knew best. As time goes on we start to see a change in Francisco he is able absorb American culture. Jimenez starts to work and to school, its through this experiences that he gains power and knowledge. American culture is telling him it’s okay to talk back to one’s parents where in his own upbringing his father’s authority had never been questioned. He states, ‘But we’re only a few minutes late,’ I said, recalling the discussion we had in Mrs. Taylor’s class about the film in which a boy argues with his father. ’ (Pg88. We start to see this slide in power as Jimenez questions his father. Jimenez is starting to take on more American ways and we see this difference clearly in how Roberto still obeys his father without question. â€Å"I think I understand, Mama. But what about my dream? †. (Pg170). Jimenez gains power through finding himself and putting his wants first. He starts to think about his dreams over what his father has almost predicated for him. The American culture allowed him to have a dream instead just being what his father wanted him to be. He wanted to make his father proud, but when it came to his dream he was willing to fight for it. The difference in the cultures plays a monumental role in how conflicted Francisco is. When it comes to questioning his father, he was raised that this was wrong yet he is learning through American culture that children here are more free willed. We see a difference in the brothers mainly due to age, Roberto was much older when he first came to the U. S. so wasn’t able to take in the culture like Francisco. ‘Papa, Darlene and I are getting engaged and we want your blessing. (Pg172). Roberto doesn’t have to ask for permission to get married and in America a male wouldn’t ask his parents. He is very much traditional and we see him really try to encourage at times Francisco to remember his roots for instance, â€Å"Roberto glanced at me with terror in his eyes and nudged me with his elbow. I knew I had crossed the line. † (Pg54). Francisco on the other hand is just young enough that he was able to become more outgoing and take on the American culture. Francisco comes into his own person while trying to balance what he was raised to believe. He starts to get knowledge and through that comes power, we see his father almost try to hinder him with Francisco’s feelings for family obligations. Towards the end of the book Francisco gains enough power within himself to put his wants first though. Francisco had to learn first to question his father. â€Å"He said, ‘Don’t be stupid. Only rich people become teachers. ’ He walked away before I had a chance to say anything. He made me really mad. † (Pg72). Later on Francisco learns of scholarships and thinks well poor people can become teachers too. He gets mad about his father assuming things and saying what he cares about is â€Å"stupid†. Francisco learns despite how he was brought up to that he really loves school and maybe his father can be wrong. ‘Sounds like you don’t believe me, mijo, but it’s true. ’ â€Å"Papa sounded annoyed. † (Pg46). Francisco is starting to see other cultures and he still is proud of his own, but he doesn’t have to believe everything. When his father talks about being healed by a kind of Mexican witch doctor, Francisco makes up his own mind on not thinking that his father was literally cured. As Francisco comes into his own we see the cumbersome weight of choices he is faced with. He now has the power to make his own future but he still asks for his father’s permission almost as an ode to his traditional roots. He gained power through work and school, through this he was able to learn it was all right to express himself. This changing of power from father to son was something that happens in most family and in the end we still see Francisco letting his father hold on to some of that power.